Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Statistics: Statistics is the practice of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to make informed decisions and draw conclusions about a phenomenon. It involves methods for summarizing, organizing, and presenting information. See also Data, Predictions, Generalization, Probability, Induction. _____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Bas van Fraassen on Statistics - Dictionary of Arguments
I 25f Probabilism/Stochastics/Science/Fraassen: with the probabilistic approach we give up the claim for completeness. Reason: e.g., a predicate P (-m) that applies to something to t, iff P to t + m applies to it: ((s) e.g. "Is bigger in one year") - this predicate has no physical meaning. I 27 Positive correlation/Fraassen: problem: because of the symmetry of the correlation, there is no reason to believe more strongly that smoking causes cancer, or that cancer causes smoking - or that both are caused by a third factor. N.B.: relative to the information that C (the common cause) took place, A and B are statistically independent. I 159 Statistics/Fraassen: statistics is the basis of the probability theory - it has to do with distribution and proportions (in actual but finite) classes of actual things. Infinite classes: are only rare: because of greater security when extended to larger populations - science: philosophical problem: that it cannot do without infinite classes unlike statistics. I 161 18th century: a) probability as a measure of ignorance. b) as a measure of objective quantity._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Fr I B. van Fraassen The Scientific Image Oxford 1980 |
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Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-28